Archives Scrapbooks

The image is a page from the April 6, 1968 issue of The Illustrated London News, specifically page 27. It contains an article about archaeological discoveries related to the ancient city of Sardis and the Lydian civilization.

Here is a detailed summary of the content:

1. Text Content:

   • The article discusses the discovery of two strata containing a majority of Mycenaean pottery in Sardis. The pottery is described as "late Mycenaean," which dates it to the end of the 13th century BC.
   • The article mentions the presence of "proto-geometric" pottery, which is dated to the 10th century BC.
   • It highlights the discovery of a "Lydian" tomb from the 6th century BC, which contained various artifacts including a bronze lion, an alabaster altar, and pottery.
   • The text also discusses the historical significance of the finds, particularly the Lydian tomb, which provides insight into the cultural and artistic practices of the Lydian civilization.

2. Images and Captions:

   • Image 4: A fragment of late Mycenaean pottery, indicating Greek contacts with Sardis in the late 13th century BC.
   • Image 5: A pottery bottle seal, showing a lion attacking a bull, dating from the 8th century BC.
   • Image 6: A bronze lion found in the Lydian tomb, dating from the 6th century BC.
   • Image 7: A bronze lion, similar to the one found in the tomb.
   • Image 8: A large altar found in the sacred area of Pactolus North, likely used by the Persians as a fire altar.
   • Image 9: An early bronze Age pilgrim flask in the shape of a ram's head, found in the Lydian tomb.
   • Image 10: An early bronze Age pilgrim flask in the shape of a ram's head, found in the Lydian tomb.
   • Image 11: A skeleton of a 4-year-old girl, found by a monumental altar, dating from the 7th century BC.

3. Additional Information:

   • The article mentions the historical context of the Lydian kingdom, including its rulers such as Gyges and Croesus.
   • It discusses the significance of the finds in understanding the cultural and historical timeline of Sardis and the Lydian civilization.
   • The text also provides insights into the archaeological methods and the interpretation of the artifacts found.

Overall, the page provides a detailed account of significant archaeological discoveries at Sardis, highlighting the cultural and historical importance of the finds.

The image is a scan of a two-page spread from "THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS" dated Saturday, April 6, 1968, specifically pages 26 and 27. The article discusses archaeological findings from the area of ancient Sardis, the capital of the Lydian empire. Key points include the discovery of various pottery shards, an altar, and human remains. The text is accompanied by several black-and-white photographs and illustrations of artifacts, such as a Late Mycenaean fragment, a Proto-geometric cup, a button seal, and an engaging ram figure. The images also feature the altar found in the sacred area, a large altar with lion sculptures, and the remains of an 8-year-old girl. The article details the historical context and the significance of these findings, suggesting dates and possible uses for the artifacts, and mentions specific excavations and previous discoveries at the site.

The image is a page from the April 6, 1968, issue of The Illustrated London News. It appears to be a detailed article and accompanying illustrations related to archaeological findings in Sardis, Turkey, specifically focusing on the Mycenaean and Proto-Geometric periods.

Key points from the text and images include:

1. Strata and Artifacts:

   • Two strata in Sardis contain Mycenaean pottery and other artifacts, including a large number of painted sherds from a style that might be Late Mycenaean or Sub-Mycenaean.
   • Some artifacts found include a square seal, a fibula, an iron sickle, and an early bronze ram’s head.

2. Historical Context:

   • The text mentions the historical Herodotus, who documented the rise of the Heraklidae dynasty at Sardis, around 505 BC.
   • The discovery of Mycenaean pottery suggests that King Gyges and his successors were influential during the 7th century BC.

3. Excavations and Discoveries:

   • Excavations at Bin Tepe revealed tombs and artifacts indicating the presence of Lydian chamber tombs.
   • A significant find included an altar from the Early Bronze Age, which was likely dedicated to the patron goddess of Sardis.

4. Illustrations:

   • Figures:
     • Image 4 shows a Late Mycenaean fragment.
     • Image 6 depicts a Proto-Geometric cup.
     • Image 5 is a primitive button seal.
     • Image 7 is an Early Bronze Age ram’s head.
     • Images 8, 9, and 10 illustrate the reconstruction and discovery of an altar.
     • Images 10 and 11 show skeletons from early burials, including one of an 8-year-old girl killed by an adult male with a copper dagger.

5. Notable Finds:

   • The text describes an altar of marble found in the north-western corner of the site, originally dedicated to the goddess of Sardis and later rebuilt by Persians, with lions' heads placed at the corners.
   • The altar was found in a state of ruin but was later restored.

6. Geographical and Historical Significance:

   • The archaeological finds are significant for understanding the transition periods in Sardis, particularly the Proto-Geometric and Mycenaean ages, and the impact of Persian rule.

Overall, the article provides a thorough exploration of the historical and archaeological layers found at Sardis, combining textual narrative with detailed images of artifacts and discoveries.

The image is a page from the Illustrated London News dated April 6, 1968, featuring an article and photographs related to archaeological discoveries at Sardis, an ancient city in present-day Turkey.

Article Summary:

The article discusses archaeological findings at Sardis, focusing on a significant discovery in the sacred area known as "Pactolus North." The excavation uncovered two strata with a majority of plain pottery, alongside over 200 shards painted in a style typical of the Mycenaean Bronze Age culture of Greece, specifically Late Mycenaean and Sub-Mycenaean periods.

Key points include:

• The discovery of a 6th-century BC altar dedicated to the great patron goddess of Sardis, Cybele.
• The altar was originally an altar to Cybele, later repurposed by the Persians.
• The altar was built around 550 BC and was rebuilt after the Persian invasion.
• The article mentions the discovery of several artifacts, including a Late Mycenaean fragment and a Proto-geometric cup, both indicating the Greek presence.
• A primitive button seal from the 10th or 9th century BC and a ram’s head, part of a Late Roman or Early Byzantine altar, were also found.
• The text describes the altar's destruction by fire and the subsequent rebuilding efforts.
• The altar was found with three lions, which were later removed, and a marble lion was also discovered in the area.

Photographs:

1. Photograph 4 & 6:

   • A Late Mycenaean fragment and a Proto-geometric cup, indicating Greek cultural artifacts from different periods.

2. Photograph 5:

   • A primitive button seal, probably dating from the 10th or 9th century BC.

3. Photograph 7:

   • An engaging ram's head, part of a Late Roman or Early Byzantine altar.

4. Photograph 8:

   • A large altar found in the sacred area, originally dedicated to Cybele, with three lion statues.

5. Photograph 9:

   • Close-up of the lions found on the altar, indicating their original placement and style.

6. Photograph 10:

   • An Early Bronze Age alabaster rhyton (a ritual vessel), found in the prehistoric cemetery.

7. Photograph 11:

   • The skeleton of an 8-year-old girl, found in the prehistoric cemetery, killed by a copper dagger during the 7th-century BC Kimmerian invasion.

The article and photographs together provide a detailed account of the historical and archaeological significance of the discoveries at Sardis, highlighting the cultural and historical layers of the site.

The image is a page from the April 6, 1968 issue of The Illustrated London News. It details an archaeological excavation at Sardis, an ancient city in Turkey, focusing on the discovery of artifacts from different periods, including Mycenaean, Lydian, and Persian times.

Key points from the article and images include:

1. Mycenaean Pottery: The discovery of Mycenaean pottery, including two strata with over 200 painted sherds, indicating a significant presence of Mycenaean culture in the area around 1400-1200 BC.

2. Herodotus and King Gyges: The text mentions Herodotus, who recorded that King Gyges of Lydia, who ruled around 685 BC, was a shepherd who overthrew the Cimmerians and founded the Mermnad dynasty.

3. Artifacts Found:

   • Mycenaean Fragment and Cup (Images 4 and 6): Evidence of Late Mycenaean pottery, including a fragment and a cup.
   • Button Seal (Image 5): A primitive button seal from the 10th or 9th century BC.
   • Engraved Ram (Image 7): A Late Lydian or Early Persian engraved ram, likely from the 6th century BC.

4. Altar of Cybele (Image 8): A large altar found in the sacred area, rebuilt by the Persians as a fire altar. It originally had three lions, one of which was found half-buried.

5. Skeleton of a Girl (Images 10 and 11): The skeleton of an 8-year-old girl found in the prehistoric cemetery, killed by a fall, and dated to the 7th century BC.

6. Sacred Area and Rebuilding: The altar and surrounding structures were part of a sacred area, which was rebuilt after Persian occupation, indicated by the presence of lions and other architectural elements.

The page provides a comprehensive overview of the archaeological findings at Sardis, highlighting the historical significance of the artifacts and structures discovered, which span multiple ancient civilizations and periods.

The image is a page from an old issue of The Illustrated London News, dated April 6, 1968. The article discusses archaeological discoveries related to ancient Sardis, particularly focusing on findings from the Lydian era and the Mycenaean influence.

Key points from the text and images include:

1. Text Summary:

   • The article describes the discovery of Mycenaean Bronze Age artifacts in Greece, particularly in the context of the ancient city of Sardis.
   • Pottery found at Sardis, including Mycenaean-style pieces, suggests a historical link to the Mycenaean civilization.
   • The article discusses the reign of King Gyges, who is believed to have ruled Sardis around the 7th century BC.
   • The author mentions that the appearance of Mycenaean pottery at Sardis could imply a cultural and trade relationship between Sardis and the Mycenaean world.
   • Several specific artifacts and their contexts are highlighted, such as an altar of rubble and marble fragments in various areas of the site.
   • The text also references the Persian rebuilding efforts after the city was destroyed in the 6th century BC.

2. Illustrations and Captions:

   • Image 4: Shows a Late Mycenaean fragment.
   • Image 5: Displays a primitive button seal, possibly dating from the 10th or 9th century BC, and a Lydian earring found in the sacred precinct.
   • Image 6: Depicts a Proto-geometric cup, providing evidence of early Greek geometric art.
   • Image 7: Features a small terracotta ram's head.
   • Image 8: Shows a large altar found in the sacred area of "Pactolus North."
   • Image 9: Displays a ritualistic ram’s head, possibly used in ceremonial contexts.
   • Image 10: Depicts Bronze Age artifacts, including earrings found in an adult burial.
   • Image 11: Shows a skeleton of a boy, possibly killed by a roof fall during the Cimmerian invasion in the 7th century BC.

The article combines text and images to provide a detailed overview of the archaeological findings at Sardis, illustrating the rich historical and cultural heritage of the site.

The image appears to be a scanned page from a publication called "The Illustrated London News," dated April 6, 1968. It features an article or story that includes text and a number of black and white photos related to archeological discoveries. The pieces of text visible discuss various subjects related to historical artifacts and site excavations.

In the visual content, we see:

1. Two fragments of pottery (labeled Number 4 in the image). One piece is blue with a pattern, and the other has inscriptions or symbols.
2. A spherical artifact with markings (labeled Number 5).
3. A piece of pottery with a swirl pattern (labeled Number 6).
4. A small figurine depicting what appears to be a bull (possibly bronze), also labeled Number 6 and described as being Greek and dating back to 7th century BC, found in a "proto-geometric" context.
5. A large stone altar found in a sacral area (labeled Number 8).
6. Two images (labeled Numbers 9 and 10) showing a person working on an archeological site. The individual is seen engaging with the artifacts, possibly cleaning or examining them.
7. A close-up of a stone with a visible linear pattern (labeled Number 9).
8. An early Bronze Age pot with a descriptive caption (labeled Number 10).
9. A skeletal remain, specifically mentioned as an 8-year-old girl, said to have been killed by roof fall, possibly during the 7th century BC Kimmerian invasion (labeled Number 11).

This page focuses on historical findings that offer insights into past cultures and civilizations. It would likely be of interest to historians, archeologists, and people fascinated by ancient history.

The image shows a page from a historical or archaeological publication, likely from The Illustrated London News, dated April 9, 1966. The page is titled "Sardis" and features a detailed description and visual representation of archaeological findings from the ancient city of Sardis. The layout includes text on the left side and a series of labeled illustrations on the right.

Text Content:

• The text discusses the discovery of archaeological layers (strata) at Sardis, including pottery, skeletal remains, and other artifacts. It references the Mycenaean period, the Late Geometric style, and the historical context of Sardis, including its association with King Gyges and the Heraclid dynasty.
• The text also mentions the discovery of a large altar in the "Pactolus North" area, which was likely rebuilt by the Persians after a fire. It describes the altar as being dedicated to Cybele, with lions and sacred images.
• Additional details include the discovery of a marble lion, a rectangular structure, and other artifacts such as a skeleton, a seal, and a bronze pithos.

Illustrations:

The right side of the page contains labeled images (numbered 1 through 11), each depicting different artifacts and findings:

1. Image 4: A Late Mycenaean fragment and a Proto-geometric cup, both evidence of local clay-inters that may be of foreign craft.
2. Image 5: A Homeric-style pottery fragment, dated to the 10th or 9th century BC.
3. Image 6: A primitive button seal, showing an engaging ram, likely from the 6th century BC.
4. Image 7: A skeleton of an eight-year-old girl killed by a roof fall, dated to the 7th century BC during a Kimmerian invasion.
5. Image 8: A large altar found in the "Pactolus North" area, likely rebuilt by the Persians after a fire. Inside, three stone lions were found, suggesting it was originally an altar to Cybele.
6. Image 9: A marble lion found in the north-western corner of the altar area.
7. Image 10: An Early Bronze Age pithos found in a prehistoric cemetery, containing an adult burial with a copper dagger.
8. Image 11: A rectangular structure flanking the altar, with a particularly charming example of a gold jeweled arm.

Visual Elements:

• The illustrations are black-and-white photographs or line drawings, providing a clear view of the artifacts.
• Each image is accompanied by a brief caption that describes the artifact, its context, and its significance.
• The layout is organized, with the text on the left and the images on the right, allowing readers to easily correlate the descriptions with the visual evidence.

Overall Context:

The page serves as a detailed archaeological report, combining textual analysis with visual documentation to illustrate the findings from Sardis. It highlights the historical and cultural significance of the discoveries, linking them to broader historical periods and events, such as the Mycenaean era, the Persian period, and the Kimmerian invasions. The publication aims to inform readers about the rich archaeological heritage of Sardis and its importance in understanding ancient civilizations.

The image is from a magazine titled "The Illustrated London News" dated April 6, 1966. The page features an article about archaeological discoveries in Sardis, Turkey. The article includes a mix of text and images, with several photos of artifacts and archaeological sites. The text discusses the findings from excavations at Sardis, including pottery, burials, and other artifacts from the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. The photos show various artifacts, such as pottery fragments, a bronze animal figurine, a large altar, and a skeleton. The article provides detailed descriptions of the discoveries and their historical context, indicating that the finds provide insights into the ancient civilizations that once inhabited the region.

The image shows a page from a magazine or newspaper, featuring a mix of text and photographs. The text is arranged in columns, with headings and subheadings that likely provide context for the images. The photographs are in black and white and depict various archaeological artifacts and scenes, possibly from an excavation site. The artifacts include pottery, seals, and other small items, while the scenes show people working at the site and the surrounding landscape. The page appears to be from an older publication, given the style of the text and images.